在这篇博客文章中，我们将使用Asyncio库在Python中创建一个简单的5卡绘制扑克游戏。该游戏将允许2至4个玩家在没有投注方面的情况下玩，但它将根据他们的扑克手决定赢家。在此示例中使用Asyncio库的主要目的是使自己熟悉异步编程概念，即使我们的游戏不需要并发执行。
异步编程是一个编程范式，允许同时执行多个任务，而无需等待一个任务完成，然后才能开始下一个任务。这在涉及I/O-BOND操作的任务（例如从文件中读取或制作网络请求）的情况下特别有用，这可能需要大量时间。异步库是Python中异步编程的重要组成部分。它提供了一个事件循环，Coroutines和其他公用事业，使开发人员能够编写高效，非阻滞代码，从而大大提高应用程序的性能和响应能力，尤其是在基于网络和基于Web的上下文中。
在本教程中，我们将利用Asyncio库创建一个简单的扑克游戏，展示Python中异步编程的功能和灵活性。
要求：
python 3.7+
步骤1：导入必要的库并定义数据级
首先，让我们导入所需的库，并为卡，等级，西装和游戏机定义我们的数据类别：
import asyncio
import random
from collections import Counter
from dataclasses import dataclass
from enum import Enum, auto
from typing import List, Tuple
class Suit(Enum):
SPADES = "♠"
HEARTS = "♥"
DIAMONDS = "♦"
CLUBS = "♣"
class Rank(Enum):
TWO = 2
THREE = 3
FOUR = 4
FIVE = 5
SIX = 6
SEVEN = 7
EIGHT = 8
NINE = 9
TEN = 10
JACK = 11
QUEEN = 12
KING = 13
ACE = 14
@dataclass
class Card:
suit: Suit
rank: Rank
def __str__(self):
return f"{self.rank.name.capitalize()}{self.suit.value}"
@dataclass
class GameState:
deck: List[Card]
players: List[List[Card]]
步骤2：实现甲板创建和洗牌功能
现在，让我们创建一个函数来创建一张卡片和另一个功能，以使用Asyncio：
来洗牌。
def create_deck() -> List[Card]:
return [Card(suit, rank) for suit in Suit for rank in Rank]
async def shuffle_deck(deck: List[Card]) -> List[Card]:
await asyncio.sleep(0) # simulating asynchronous behavior
random.shuffle(deck)
return deck
步骤3：交易和排名
接下来，我们需要实现一个功能来处理甲板上的卡和一个功能来对玩家的手进行排名：
async def deal_cards(game_state: GameState, num_cards: int) -> List[Card]:
new_cards = []
for _ in range(num_cards):
card = game_state.deck.pop()
new_cards.append(card)
return new_cards
def rank_hand(hand: List[Card]) -> Tuple[int, List[int]]:
ranks = sorted([card.rank.value for card in hand], reverse=True)
suits = [card.suit for card in hand]
rank_counts = Counter(ranks)
is_flush = len(set(suits)) == 1
is_straight = len(set(ranks)) == 5 and max(ranks) - min(ranks) == 4
# Determine hand rank based on poker hand rankings
# ... (refer to the previous code snippets for the full rank_hand function)
步骤4：绘制卡片和玩游戏
现在，让我们添加功能以在丢弃和主游戏循环后绘制新卡：
async def draw_cards(game_state: GameState, player_idx: int, discard_indices: List[int]) -> None:
player_hand = game_state.players[player_idx]
for index in sorted(discard_indices, reverse=True):
del player_hand[index]
new_cards = await deal_cards(game_state, len(discard_indices))
game_state.players[player_idx] = player_hand + new_cards
async def play_game(num_players: int) -> None:
deck = await shuffle_deck(create_deck())
game_state = GameState(deck=deck, players=[[] for _ in range(num_players)])
for i in range(num_players):
game_state.players[i] = await deal_cards(game_state, 5)
for i, player_hand in enumerate(game_state.players):
print(f"Player {i + 1}'s hand: {', '.join(str(card) for card in player_hand)}")
for i in range(num_players):
discard_indices = input(f"Player {i + 1}, enter the indices of the cards to discard (0-4, separated by spaces): ")
discard_indices = [int(index) for index in discard_indices.split()]
await draw_cards(game_state, i, discard_indices)
for i, player_hand in enumerate(game_state.players):
print(f"Player {i + 1}'s final hand: {', '.join(str(card) for card in player_hand)}")
hand_ranks = [rank_hand(hand) for hand in game_state.players]
max_rank = max(hand_ranks)
winner_idx = hand_ranks.index(max_rank)
print(f"Player {winner_idx + 1} wins with a {', '.join(str(card) for card in game_state.players[winner_idx])}!")
步骤5：运行游戏
最后，让我们添加主要功能以运行游戏：
if __name__ == "__main__":
num_players = int(input("Enter the number of players (2-4): "))
while not (2 <= num_players <= 4):
num_players = int(input("Enter a valid number of players (2-4): "))
asyncio.run(play_game(num_players))
现在，将代码保存在名为poker.py的文件中，并使用以下命令运行：
python3 poker.py
恭喜！您已经使用Asyncio库在Python中创建了一个简单的5张绘制扑克游戏。尽管主要目的是熟悉异步编程，但可以通过其他功能（例如投注，改进的用户界面甚至网络多人游戏功能）进一步扩展和改进游戏。
愉快的编码并喜欢玩扑克！