> curl -o- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/nvm-sh/nvm/v0.39.3/install.sh | bash

> nvm install lts/gallium
Downloading and installing node v16.19.0...
Downloading https://nodejs.org/dist/v16.19.0/node-v16.19.0-darwin-arm64.tar.xz...
######################################################################################################################################## 100.0%
Computing checksum with shasum -a 256
Checksums matched!
Now using node v16.19.0 (npm v8.19.3).

> node -v
V16.19.0

. . .
<dependencies>
   <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/io.appium/java-client -->
   <dependency>
       <groupId>io.appium</groupId>
       <artifactId>java-client</artifactId>
       <version>8.3.0</version>
   </dependency>
   <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.testng/testng -->
   <dependency>
       <groupId>org.testng</groupId>
       <artifactId>testng</artifactId>
       <version>7.7.1</version>
       <scope>test</scope>
   </dependency>
   <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.google.truth/truth -->
   <dependency>
       <groupId>com.google.truth</groupId>
       <artifactId>truth</artifactId>
       <version>1.1.3</version>
       <scope>test</scope>
   </dependency>
   <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.google.guava/guava -->
   <dependency>
       <groupId>com.google.guava</groupId>
       <artifactId>guava</artifactId>
       <version>31.1-jre</version>
   </dependency>
</dependencies>
. . .

private AppiumDriverLocalService buildAppiumService () {
   final var appiumPath = Path.of (System.getenv ("HOME"),
           ".nvm/versions/node/v16.19.0/lib/node_modules/appium/build/lib/main.js")
       .toFile ();
   final var logFile = Path.of (System.getProperty ("user.dir"), "logs", "appium.log")
       .toFile ();


   final var builder = new AppiumServiceBuilder ();
   return builder.withIPAddress (System.getProperty ("host", "127.0.0.1"))
       .usingPort (Integer.parseInt (System.getProperty ("port", "4723")))
       .withLogFile (logFile)
       .withAppiumJS (appiumPath)
       .withArgument (GeneralServerFlag.BASEPATH, "/wd/hub")
       .withArgument (GeneralServerFlag.USE_DRIVERS, "uiautomator2")
       .withArgument (GeneralServerFlag.SESSION_OVERRIDE)
       .withArgument (GeneralServerFlag.ALLOW_INSECURE, "chromedriver_autodownload")
       .build ();
}

this.service = buildAppiumService ();
this.service.start ();

if (this.service != null) {
   this.service.stop ();
}

private static final String DEVICE_NAME_KEY = "deviceName";
private static final String DEVICE_VERSION_KEY = "deviceVersion";
. . .
private Capabilities buildCapabilities () {
   final var deviceName = System.getProperty (DEVICE_NAME_KEY, "Pixel_6_Pro");
   final var deviceVersion = System.getProperty (DEVICE_VERSION_KEY, "11");
   final var options = new UiAutomator2Options ();
   options.setPlatformName ("Android")
       .setPlatformVersion (deviceVersion)
       .setDeviceName (deviceName)
       .setAvd (deviceName)
       .setApp (Path.of (System.getProperty ("user.dir"), "src/test/resources/proverbial.apk")
           .toString ())
       .setAutoGrantPermissions (true)
       .setIsHeadless (Boolean.parseBoolean (System.getProperty ("headless", "false")));
   return options;
}
. . .

final Capabilities capabilities = buildCapabilities ();
final URL serverUrl = this.service.getUrl ();


this.driver = new AndroidDriver (serverUrl, capabilities);
this.driver.setSetting (Setting.IGNORE_UNIMPORTANT_VIEWS, true);

this.driver.quit ();

export LT_USERNAME="your-user-name"
export LT_ACCESS_KEY="your-access-key"
export LT_APP_ANDROID="your-app-url"

private static final String DEVICE_NAME_KEY = "deviceName";
private static final String DEVICE_VERSION_KEY = "deviceVersion";
. . .
private URL getCloudUrl () {
   final var cloudUrl = "@mobile-hub.lambdatest.com/wd/hub">https://{0}:{1}@mobile-hub.lambdatest.com/wd/hub";
   final var userName = Objects.requireNonNull (System.getenv ("LT_USERNAME"), "Cloud user name is required");
   final var key = Objects.requireNonNull (System.getenv ("LT_ACCESS_KEY"), "Cloud access key is required");
   final var path = MessageFormat.format (cloudUrl, userName, key);
   try {
       return new URL (path);
   } catch (final MalformedURLException e) {
       throw new UnsupportedOperationException (format ("URL malformed: {0}", path));
   }
}
. . .
private Capabilities buildCloudCapabilities () {
   final var deviceName = System.getProperty (DEVICE_NAME_KEY, "Pixel_6_Pro");
   final var deviceVersion = System.getProperty (DEVICE_VERSION_KEY, "11");
   final var options = new UiAutomator2Options ();
   final var ltOptions = new HashMap<> ();
   ltOptions.put ("w3c", true);
   ltOptions.put ("platformName", "Android");
   ltOptions.put (DEVICE_NAME_KEY, deviceName);
   ltOptions.put ("platformVersion", deviceVersion);
   ltOptions.put ("app", Objects.requireNonNull (System.getenv ("LT_APP_ANDROID"), "Cloud App URL is required"));
   ltOptions.put ("devicelog", true);
   ltOptions.put ("visual", true);
   ltOptions.put ("network", true);
   ltOptions.put ("video", true);
   ltOptions.put ("build", "Appium sample Build");
   ltOptions.put ("name", "Android Sample");
   ltOptions.put ("project", "Appium Sample Project");
   ltOptions.put ("autoGrantPermissions", true);
   ltOptions.put ("isRealMobile", true);
   options.setCapability ("lt:options", ltOptions);
   return options;
}
. . .

`URL serverUrl = getCloudUrl ();
Capabilities capabilities = buildCloudCapabilities ();


this.driver = new AndroidDriver (serverUrl, capabilities);

import static org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated;


import io.appium.java_client.AppiumBy;
import io.appium.java_client.android.AndroidDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;


public class HybridPage {
   private final AndroidDriver driver;
   private final WebDriverWait wait;


   public HybridPage (final AndroidDriver driver, final WebDriverWait wait) {
       this.driver = driver;
       this.wait = wait;
   }


   public WebElement browserTab () {
       return this.wait.until (visibilityOfElementLocated (AppiumBy.accessibilityId ("Browser")));
   }


   public void navigateTo (final String url) {
       browserTab ().click ();
       url ().sendKeys (url);
       this.driver.hideKeyboard ();
       find ().click ();
   }


   public String webTitle () {
       return this.wait.until (visibilityOfElementLocated (By.tagName ("h1")))
           .getText ();
   }


   private WebElement find () {
       return this.wait.until (visibilityOfElementLocated (AppiumBy.id ("find")));
   }


   private WebElement url () {
       return this.wait.until (visibilityOfElementLocated (AppiumBy.id ("url")));
   }
}

import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;


import java.time.Duration;


import com.github.wasiqb.pages.HybridPage;
import io.appium.java_client.android.AndroidDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterTest;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest;
import org.testng.annotations.Parameters;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;


public class AndroidTest {
   private AndroidDriver driver;
   private DriverManager driverManager;


   @Parameters ("isCloud")
   @BeforeTest (alwaysRun = true)
   public void setupTest (final boolean isCloud) {
       this.driverManager = DriverManager.createDriver (isCloud);
       this.driver = this.driverManager.getDriver ();
   }


   @AfterTest (alwaysRun = true)
   public void teardownTest () {
       this.driverManager.close ();
   }


   @Test
   public void testHybridScreen () {
       final var wait = new WebDriverWait (this.driver, Duration.ofSeconds (5));


       final var hybridPage = new HybridPage (this.driver, wait);
       hybridPage.navigateTo ("https://www.lambdatest.com");


       wait.until (d -> this.driver.getContextHandles ()
           .size () > 1);


       this.driver.context ("WEBVIEW_com.lambdatest.proverbial");


       assertThat (hybridPage.webTitle ()).isEqualTo ("Cross Browser\nTesting Cloud");


       this.driver.context ("NATIVE_APP");


       assertThat (hybridPage.browserTab ()
           .isEnabled ()).isTrue ();
   }
}

<!DOCTYPE suite SYSTEM "https://testng.org/testng-1.0.dtd">
<suite name="Appium Android Suite" verbose="2">
   <test name="Appium Android Local Test">
       <parameter name="isCloud" value="false" />
       <classes>
           <class name="com.github.wasiqb.AndroidTest" />
       </classes>
   </test>
</suite>

<properties>
   . . .
   <argLine>-Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -Xdebug -Xnoagent</argLine>
   <target>local</target>
</properties>
. . .
<build>
   <plugins>
       <plugin>
           <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
           <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
           <version>3.0.0-M5</version>
           <executions>
               <execution>
                   <goals>
                       <goal>test</goal>
                   </goals>
               </execution>
           </executions>
           <configuration>
               <useSystemClassLoader>false</useSystemClassLoader>
               <properties>
                   <property>
                       <name>usedefaultlisteners</name>
                       <value>false</value>
                   </property>
               </properties>
               <suiteXmlFiles>
                   <suiteXmlFile>testng-${target}.xml</suiteXmlFile>
               </suiteXmlFiles>
               <argLine>${argLine}</argLine>
           </configuration>
       </plugin>
   </plugins>
</build>

> mvn clean install -Dtarget=local -DdeviceName=<emulator_name>
-DdeviceVersion=<emulator_version>

> mvn clean install -Dtarget=cloud -DdeviceName=<emulator_name>
-DdeviceVersion=<emulator_version>