又是另一个曲折的教程，但我们没有抱怨。
一点背景：我喜欢创建随机分形艺术（任何人），我可以花几个小时盯着一个人看所有不同的东西。那么，分享我的创作的更好方法是什么？当然是一个Twitter机器人，但还可以让它做其他事情。
您可以通过在Twitter上发推文给@machineation来尝试一下自己的自我。该机器人将使用您的用户名放置，然后将其用作种子，以基于用户名生成唯一的颜色网格。让我们开始。
要求：
- python> = 3.10
- Twitter开发人员帐户（教程未涵盖）
- Twepy
- numpy
- 枕头
如果您不熟悉Twitter开发人员帐户，请Check this，因为创建开发人员帐户，应用程序和获得身份验证。
让我们首先安装所需的软件包。
安装了所有内容后，让我们创建一个称为“ bot.py”的文件，但是您可以将其命名为您喜欢的任何东西，然后让我们导入我们需要的内容。 之后，我们需要添加身份验证并使用Tweepy创建API对象。您可以在docs中阅读有关曲折的身份验证
您的密钥是秘密的。不要将它们包括在脚本中，而将它们上传到任何公开可见的云中。使用.env或其他一些方法来保留秘密。为简单起见，本教程不涵盖 为了不多次回复相同的推文，也只会提到机器人尚未看到的提及，我们将确保保存最后一提的推文ID。我们将其保存到文件中，以便即使我们停止了机器人，然后恢复了，我们将从尚未看到的提及开始，而不是从一开始就开始。 请注意，读取ID的第一个功能采用一个参数，即文件名，并且存储ID的功能采用2个参数，文件名和ID。将来，如果您想拥有更多存储和读取不同内容的功能，则可以调用相同的函数并更改参数，我们将用“ data”更改“ last_seen_id”。 现在，让我们创建功能以创建用户名创建颜色网格。我选择将其编码为单独的函数。 然后，我们将png图像保存在同一目录中的文件夹中，称为“网格”，用户名为文件名。 下一步，让我们创建将： 这意味着您可以根据推文内容（命令）扩展机器人来完成其他操作。但是首先，我们需要设置一些变量。 让我们浏览它们： 我们设置此变量，以便我们可以检查推文作者是否不是我们的机器人。这样，我们确保如果我们的机器人发推文我们要寻找的相同单词，则该机器人不会回复自身。您可以通过不同的方式获得机器人ID，但这是一个简单的 通过浏览器 这是我们将用来读取和存储最后一个提及推文ID的文件。这将用于调用我们已经创建的功能并将变量传递给它们。然后，如果需要，我们可以为不同的功能提供不同的文件。 我们正在寻找的单词列表。您可以使用逗号添加更多分离。对于我们的示例，我们只使用“ Make Grid”。 我们将在答复中包含的消息。我们最终使用{}以后将其格式化并添加用户名。 除了“ Make Grid”之外，该推文还没有额外的单词， 另一个消息。还使用{}以后使用用户名进行格式。 现在让我们创建其余的代码。 所以最后，我们的文件看起来像这样： 就是这样..现在您要做的就是从：pip install tweepy numpy pillow
import tweepy, random, time, os, pathlib, numpy, hashlib
from PIL import Image
auth = tweepy.OAuthHandler("xxxx", "xxxx")
auth.set_access_token("xxxx", "xxxx")
#create API object
api = tweepy.API(auth, wait_on_rate_limit=True)
让我们创建2个函数。一个用于从文件中读取ID的一个，一个用于存储ID。
def read_last_seen(FILE_NAME):
file_read = open(FILE_NAME,'r')
last_seen_id = int(file_read.read().strip())
file_read.close()
return last_seen_id
def store_last_seen(FILE_NAME, last_seen_id):
file_write = open(FILE_NAME,'w')
file_write.write(str(last_seen_id))
file_write.write("\n")
file_write.close()
return
def make_grid(handle):
hash = int(hashlib.sha256(handle.encode('utf-8')).hexdigest(), 16) % 10**8
numpy.random.seed(hash)
# Generate 100x100 grid of random colours
grid = numpy.random.randint(0,256, (100,100,3), dtype=numpy.uint8)
im = Image.fromarray(grid).resize((1600,1600), resample=Image.Resampling.NEAREST)
im.save(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "grids/") + handle + '.png')
def grid_tweet():
bot_id = xxxxxxxxxxxx
FILE_NAME = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "grid_last_seen.txt")
words = ["make grid"]
message = "Here is your unique color grid, @{}"
grid_unknown = "@{} If you want a grid, You just need to tweet 'make grid' to Me without any other words and I will create and send You one."
bot_id
您可以转到Twitter上的“机器人”页面，右键单击页面内的任何地方，然后单击“检查”，然后在元素中搜索“标识符”，看起来像This "identifier": "1572580999673831426"
文件名
字
信息
grid_unknown
while True:
# Finding tweets that mention our bot
mentions = api.mentions_timeline(since_id=read_last_seen(FILE_NAME))
# Iterating through each mention tweet
for mention in mentions:
# Save the tweet id in the file
store_last_seen(FILE_NAME, mention.id)
# Check to see if the tweet author is not our bot
if mention.author.id != bot_id:
# Check if the tweet has any of the words we defined in our list after converting the tweet to lower case
if True in [word in mention.text.lower() for word in words]:
# Removes the first part of the mention which is our bot username like so @username
command = mention.text.lower().split(' ',1)[1]
# Act based on the matched word/command. can later be used to add more functionality.
match command:
case "make grid":
try:
# Prints the username and tweet
print(f"{mention.author.screen_name} - {mention.text}")
print('Creating Grid')
# Calls our make_grid function and passing the username.
make_grid(mention.author.screen_name)
# Set the media to the image created by our function
media = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "grids/") + mention.author.screen_name + '.png'
print("Attempting to reply...")
# Reply with the message after formatting to include username and the media
api.update_status_with_media(message.format(mention.author.screen_name), media, in_reply_to_status_id=mention.id_str)
print("Successfully replied :)")
# Error handling. for now it just prints the error.
except Exception as exc:
print(exc)
# If the tweet contains extra words in addition to our command
case other:
try:
print('tweet contains other words')
# Reply with the grid_unknown message
api.update_status(grid_unknown.format(mention.author.screen_name), in_reply_to_status_id=mention.id_str)
print("Successfully replied with explaination :)")
except Exception as exc:
print(exc)
# Sleep for 2 minutes
time.sleep(120)
import tweepy, random, time, os, pathlib, numpy, hashlib
from PIL import Image
auth = tweepy.OAuthHandler("xxxx", "xxxx")
auth.set_access_token("xxxx", "xxxx")
#create API object
api = tweepy.API(auth, wait_on_rate_limit=True)
def read_last_seen(FILE_NAME):
file_read = open(FILE_NAME,'r')
last_seen_id = int(file_read.read().strip())
file_read.close()
return last_seen_id
def store_last_seen(FILE_NAME, last_seen_id):
file_write = open(FILE_NAME,'w')
file_write.write(str(last_seen_id))
file_write.write("\n")
file_write.close()
return
def make_grid(handle):
hash = int(hashlib.sha256(handle.encode('utf-8')).hexdigest(), 16) % 10**8
numpy.random.seed(hash)
# Generate 100x100 grid of random colours
grid = numpy.random.randint(0,256, (100,100,3), dtype=numpy.uint8)
im = Image.fromarray(grid).resize((1600,1600), resample=Image.Resampling.NEAREST)
im.save(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "grids/") + handle + '.png')
def grid_tweet():
bot_id = xxxxxxxxxxxx
FILE_NAME = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "grid_last_seen.txt")
words = ["make grid"]
message = "Here is your unique color grid, @{}"
grid_unknown = "@{} If you want a grid, You just need to tweet 'make grid' to Me without any other words and I will create and send You one."
while True:
# Finding tweets that mention our bot
mentions = api.mentions_timeline(since_id=read_last_seen(FILE_NAME))
# Iterating through each mention tweet
for mention in mentions:
# Save the tweet id in the file
store_last_seen(FILE_NAME, mention.id)
# Check to see if the tweet author is not our bot
if mention.author.id != bot_id:
# Check if the tweet has any of the words we defined in our list after converting the tweet to lower case
if True in [word in mention.text.lower() for word in words]:
# Removes the first part of the mention which is our bot username like so @username
command = mention.text.lower().split(' ',1)[1]
# Act based on the matched word/command. can later be used to add more functionality.
match command:
case "make grid":
try:
# Prints the username and tweet
print(f"{mention.author.screen_name} - {mention.text}")
print('Creating Grid')
# Calls our make_grid function and passing the username.
make_grid(mention.author.screen_name)
# Set the media to the image created by our function
media = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "grids/") + mention.author.screen_name + '.png'
print("Attempting to reply...")
# Reply with the message after formatting to include username and the media
api.update_status_with_media(message.format(mention.author.screen_name), media, in_reply_to_status_id=mention.id_str)
print("Successfully replied :)")
# Error handling. for now it just prints the error.
except Exception as exc:
print(exc)
# If the tweet contains extra words in addition to our command
case other:
try:
print('tweet contains other words')
# Reply with the grid_unknown message
api.update_status(grid_unknown.format(mention.author.screen_name), in_reply_to_status_id=mention.id_str)
print("Successfully replied with explaination :)")
except Exception as exc:
print(exc)
# Sleep for 2 minutes
time.sleep(120)
if __name__ == "__main__":
print('The mighty Machineation is starting...')
grid_tweet()
开始
pyhton bot.py
并从不同的帐户到您的机器人说“ Make Grid”，它应该在几分钟内用颜色网格进行答复。